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const sliderWrap = document.querySelector(".slider__wrap");
const sliderImg = document.querySelector(".slider__img"); //보여지는영역
const sliderInner = document.querySelector(".slider__inner"); //움직이는 영역
const slider = document.querySelectorAll(".slider"); //각각 이미지
const sliderBtn = document.querySelector(".slider__btn"); //버튼
const sliderBtnPrev = document.querySelector(".slider__btn .prev"); //왼쪽버튼
const sliderBtnNext = document.querySelector(".slider__btn .next"); //오른쪽버튼

let currentIndex = 0;
let sliderCount = slider.length; //이미지갯수
let sliderWidth = sliderImg.offsetWidth; //이미지 가로값

//이미지 움직이는 영역
function gotoSlider(num) {
    sliderInner.style.transition = "all 400ms";
    sliderInner.style.transform = "translateX(" + -sliderWidth * num + "px)";
    currentIndex = num;
}
//왼쪽 버튼 클릭
sliderBtnPrev.addEventListener("click", () => {
    let prevIndex = (currentIndex + sliderCount - 1) % sliderCount;
    // let prevIndex = currentIndex - 1;
    // if (prevIndex < 0) {
    //     prevIndex = sliderCount - 1;
    // }
    console.log(prevIndex);
    gotoSlider(prevIndex);
});

//오른쪽 버튼 클릭
sliderBtnNext.addEventListener("click", () => {
    let nextIndex = (currentIndex + 1) % sliderCount;
    console.log(nextIndex);
    gotoSlider(nextIndex);
});

<section id="sliderType04">
    <div class="slider__wrap">
        <div class="slider__img">
            <div class="slider__inner">
                <div class="slider"><img src="../assets/img/effect_bg11@2x.jpg" alt="동물사진" /></div>
                <div class="slider"><img src="../assets/img/effect_bg12@2x.jpg" alt="동물사진" /></div>
                <div class="slider"><img src="../assets/img/effect_bg13@2x.jpg" alt="동물사진" /></div>
                <div class="slider"><img src="../assets/img/effect_bg14@2x.jpg" alt="동물사진" /></div>
                <div class="slider"><img src="../assets/img/effect_bg15@2x.jpg" alt="동물사진" /></div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="slider__btn">
            <a href="#" class="prev">prev</a>
            <a href="#" class="next">next</a>
        </div>
    </div>
</section>

/* slider */
.slider__wrap {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}
/* 이미지 보이는 영역 */
.slider__img {
    position: relative;
    height: 450px;
    width: 800px;
    overflow: hidden;
}
/* 이미지를 감싸고 있는 부모 : 움직이는 부분 */
.slider__inner {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    width: 4800px;
    height: 450px;
}
/* 개별적인 이미지 */
.slider {
    position: relative;
    width: 800px;
    height: 450px;
}
.slider::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 5px;
    top: 5px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 5px 10px;
}
.slider:nth-child(1)::before {
    content: "이미지1";
}
.slider:nth-child(2)::before {
    content: "이미지2";
}
.slider:nth-child(3)::before {
    content: "이미지3";
}
.slider:nth-child(4)::before {
    content: "이미지4";
}
.slider:nth-child(5)::before {
    content: "이미지5";
}
.slider:nth-child(6)::before {
    content: "이미지1";

@media (max-width: 800px) {
    .slider__img {
        width: 400px;
        height: 260px;
    }
}
.slider__btn {
}
.slider__btn a {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 50px;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    display: block;
    color: #fff;
}
.slider__btn a:hover {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}
.slider__btn a.prev {
    left: 0;
}
.slider__btn a.next {
    right: 0;
}